Caliothrips phaseoli (Hood, 1912: 113).

Original reference: Hood JD (1912) A new genus and three new species of North American Thysanoptera. Psyche 19: 113–118.

Family

Thripidae, Panchaetothripinae

Nomenclatural information

http://thrips.info/wiki/Caliothrips_phaseoli

Diagnosis

Body dark brown; tarsi, bases and apices of tibiae yellow; antennal segments I–II & VI–VIII brown, III–V yellow but slightly shaded with brown in apical half; fore wing banded, with base brown; a sub-basal white band followed by a brown band; with a small white sub-apical area and apex dark brown. Antennae 8-segmented, III & IV each with a long forked sense cone. Pronotum with no long setae, median reticles irregular near anterior margin, with many internal markings in form of short lines and raised dots. Mesothoracic endofurca without spinula; methathoracic endofurca with long curved paired arms extending to mesothorax. Metanotum irregularly reticulate, campaniform sensilla wanting, one pair of major setae near anterior margin. Tarsi 1-segmented; hind coxae with coiled internal apodeme. Fore wing with setal rows incomplete on both veins. Tergites II–VIII lateral thirds with linear sculpture and markings between these lines; VIII bearing craspedum medially, but with tooth-like microtrichia laterally; X with incomplete median split. Sternites with transverse reticulation and well-developed craspeda.

Male similar in colour but smaller; sternites III–VII with slender transverse pore plate.

Intraspecific variation

The South American populations of C. phaseoli are sometimes treated as a distinct species, C. braziliensis, because the fore wing is uniformly dark medially, whereas in the North American populations this dark band is paler medially (see Nakahara, 1991).

Genus and similar species information

The genus Caliothrips includes 21 species, of which about half are described from North America. These species have wrinkles or dot shaped markings within the reticles of their body sculpture. The metathoracic furca is distinctive, with long curved paired arms extending to mesothorax. C. phaseoli is the most abundant species of this genus in Brazil. It is distinguished from C. fasciatus and C. insularis by the transversely striate sculpture on the lateral thirds of the abdominal tergites.

World distribution

Described from USA and widespread in the Americas.

Distribution in Brazil*

Widespread; Bahia, Ceará, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and São Paulo.

*Literature and authors’ data only.

Life history

Breeding on leaves and recorded from several plants, particularly Fabaceae. In Brazil it is commonly taken on bean (Phaseolis vulgaris) and soybean (Glycine max).

Economic importance

Considered pestiferous, causing silvering to the leaves of beans and soybeans in Brazil.

References suggested

Mound LA & Marullo R (1996) The Thrips of Central and South America: An Introduction. Memoirs on Entomology, International 6: 1–488.

Nakahara S (1991) Two new species of Caliothrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and a key to the Nearctic species. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 99: 97–103.

Wilson TH (1975) A monograph of the subfamily Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 23: 1–354.