Elaphrothrips snodgrassi Hood, 1955: 66.

Original reference: Hood JD (1955) Brasilian Thysanoptera VI. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 4: 51–160.

Family

Phlaeothripidae, Idolothripinae

Nomenclatural information 

https://thrips.info/wiki/Elaphrothrips_snodgrassi 

Diagnosis

Male macropterous; body color body color dark brown, almost black, with leg articulations, apex of tibiae and tarsi slightly paler; antennae almost black, antennomere II brown apically, III yellow with the base weakly shaded with brown, IV dark brown basally; wings weakly shaded with brown, with a median dark line. Antennae 8-segmented, antennomere III longer than the others; III with 2 and IV with 3 sense cones. Head longer than wide, projected ahead of eyes; dorsal surface with two pairs of long setae (ocellar and postocular), cheeks with stout and short setae; eyes large, not projected ventrally; maxillary stylets far apart. Pronotum reticulated, with 5 pairs of well-developed setae, epimeral and posteroangular pairs longer than the others; prosternal basantra present. Metathoracic sternopleural sutures absent. Pelta triangular and broad, reticulated, basal angles curved upwards; tergites II–VII with 2 pairs of wing-retaining setae and several smaller accessory setae; major posteromarginal setae on abdominal tergite IX shorter than tube. Abdominal sternites without pore plates. Tube cone-shaped, about 4.3x as long as basal width, without lateral setae. Fore femora with several well-developed setae, fore tarsi with a tooth. Fore wings with about 60 duplicated cilia.

Female macropterous. Similar to male in appearance and coloration, but with several body setae longer and without a tarsal tooth.

Genus and similar species information

Elaphrothrips is the Idolothripinae genus with the most described species, with almost 150 species widely distributed across tropical and subtropical regions. These thrips are usually large and dark-colored, distinguished from other Brazilian Idolothripinae (except Saurothrips) for having two pairs of wing-retaining setae on the abdominal tergites; in larger specimens, many accessory setae may be present in addition to the main wing-retaining pairs. Besides that, they have elongated head, major ocellar setae posterior to the anterior ocellus, basantra present, and tube shorter than the head, without lateral setae. Many species have high morphological diversity associated to size, wing-development and sex, which makes the distinction between species harder; and it is possible that many species in the genus will be identified as synonyms in the future.

The fore femora of males of Elaphrothrips snodgrassi bears multiple short and stout setae on the basal half of the external surface, a character that is uncommon among other brazilian Elaphrothrips. This species is distinguished from E. borgmeieri, the other brazilian species with this group of short setae on fore femora, for bearing only 3 sense cones on antennomere IV, a reticulated pronotum, and posteromarginal setae on abdominal tergite IX shorter than the tube.

Distribution around the world

Described from Brazil.

Distribution in Brazil

http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/fauna/faunadobrasil/90431 

Life history

Lives in dead leaves, where it feeds on fungal spores.

Economic importance

Not recorded.

Suggested references

Hood JD (1955) Brasilian Thysanoptera VI. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 4: 51–160.

Palmer JM & Mound LA (1978) Nine genera of fungus-feeding Phlaeothripidae (Thysanoptera) from the Oriental Region. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology 37: 153-215.

Mound LA & Palmer JM (1983) The generic and tribal classification of spore-feeding Thysanoptera (Phlaeothripidae: Idolothripinae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology 46: 1–174. 

Johansen RM (1983) El genero Elaphrothrips Buffa, 1909 (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) en el continente Americano; su sistematica, evolucion, biogeografia y biologia. Monogr. Instituto de Biologia de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico 1: 1-267.